CHAPTER 6
Experimental Analysis of Trout Effects on Survival, Growth, and Habitat Use of Two Species of Western Ambystomatid Salamanders


LITERATURE CITED

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Blair, A. P. 1951. Note on the herpetology of the Elk mountains, Colorado. Copeia 1951:239-240.

Burger, W. L. 1950. Novel aspects of the life history of two Ambystomas. J. Tenn. Acad. Sci. 25:252-257.

Dodson, S. I. 1970. Complementary feeding niches sustained by size-selective predation. Limnol. Oceanogr. 15:131-137.

Dodson, S. I. 1974. Zooplankton competition and predation: an experimental test of the size efficiency hypotheses. Ecology 55:605-613.

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Efford, I. E., and J. A. Mathias. 1969. A comparison of two salamander populations in Marion lake, British Columbia. Copeia 1969:723-735.

Figiel, C. R., and R.D. Semlitsch. 1990. Populations variation in survival and metamorphosis of larval salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) in the presence and absence of fish predation. Copeia 1990:818-826.

Jackson, M. E., and R. D. Semlitsch. 1993. Paedomorphosis in the salamander Ambystoma talpoideum: effects of a fish predator. Ecology 74:342-350.

Kats, L. B., J. W. Petranka, and A. Sih. 1988. Antipredator defenses and the persistence of amphibian larvae with fishes. Ecology 69:1865-1870.

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Ramsey, F. L., and D. W. Schafer. 1997. The statistical slueth. Duxbury Press. Belmont, CA, USA. 742p.

Semlitsch, R. D. 1987. Interactions between fish and salamander larvae. Oecologia 72:482-486.

Semlitsch, R. D. 1988. Allopatric distribution of two salamanders: effects of fish predation and competitive interactions. Copeia 1988:290-298.

Sexton, 0. J., and C. Phillips. 1986. A qualitative study of fish-amphibian interactions in 3 Missouri ponds. Trans. Miss. Acad. Sci. 20:25-35.

Sih, A., J. W. Petranka, and L. B. Kats. 1988. The dynamics of prey refuge use: a model and tests with sunfish and salamander larvae. Am. Nat. 132:463-483.

Sih, A., L. B.Kats, and R. D. Moore. 1992. Effects of predatory sunfish on the density, drift, and refuge use of stream salamander larvae. Ecology 73:1418-1430.

Sih, A., and L. B. Kats. 1994; Age, experience, and the response of streamside salamander hatchlings to chemical cues from predatory sunfish. Ethology 96:253-259.

Sprules, W. G. 1972. Effects of size-selective predation and food competition on high altitude zooplankton communities. Ecology 53:375-386.

Sprules, W. G. 1974. The adaptive significance of paedogenesis in North American species of Ambystoma (Amphibia: Caudata): an hypothesis. Can. J. Zool. 52:393-400.

Stangel, P. W., and R. D. Semlitsch. 1987. Experimental analysis of predation on the diel vertical migrations of a larval salamander. Can. J. Zool. 65:1554-1558.

Taylor, J. 1983. Orientation and flight behavior of neotenic salamander (Ambystoma gracile) in Oregon. Am. Midl. Nat. 109:40-49.

Taylor, J. 1984. Comparative evidence for competition between salamanders Ambystoma gracile and Taricha granulosa. Copeia 1984:672-683.

Thompson, E. L., J. E. Gates, and G. J. Taylor. 1980. Distribution and breeding habitat selection ofthejefferson salamander, Ambystoma jeffersonianum, in Maryland. J. Herpetol. 14:113-120.

Tyler, T., W. J. Liss, L. M. Ganio, G. L. Larson, R Hoffman, E. Deimling, and G. Lomnicky. 1998. Interaction between introduced trout and larval salamanders (Ambystoma macrodactylum) in high-elevation lakes. Cons. Biol. 12:94-105.

Chapter 6


Abstract | Introduction | Study Area | Methods | Results | Discussion | Literature Cited


Chapter 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7


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Last Updated: 01-Feb-2000