BUFFALO EDDY The Buffalo Eddy site consists of two groups of rock outcroppings on both sides of the Snake River approximately 20 miles south of Lewiston, Idaho. On either side of an eddy formed by a series of sharp bends in the Snake River are densely grouped clusters of petroglyphs and a few pictographs. This rock art contains hundreds of distinct images associated with early Nez Perce people. These images date from as early as 4,500 years ago. Some potentially historic ranching features on the Idaho side of the Snake River set a scene of the rural West. This is a level area along the deep, narrow canyon of the Snake River, so there probably are other archeological resources in the area. Except for the road and a limited number of other visual intrusions (powerlines, fences, a small building), the viewshed is uninterrupted from ridge to ridge. The park is working with Asotin County and private land owners on issues related to the road.

MANAGEMENT ISSUES No agreements are in place for either side of the river. Vandalism of the resources has occurred, and there is no NPS protection. Access to the site is increasing on the Washington side by road and on the Idaho side by boat. The National Park Service does not do any interpretation of this site. Homes are encroaching on the Washington side. Asotin County plans to move and widen the road adjacent to the site On the Idaho side, there is a potential for the eventual sale and development of the active ranching operation.

ACTION PLAN The National Park Service will continue working with landowners on both sides of the river to protect the critical viewshed and resources, and to prevent visitor interference with ranching operations. Interpretive materials will be developed for owners and river users. Wayside exhibits will be added on the Idaho side. The National Park Service will provide interpretive training for tour boat guides. Under a cooperative agreement with the landowner, a seasonal employee will be stationed at the site for interpretation (this could require upgrading utilities to the onsite cabin).