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Mammoth
Cave National Park is one of thousands of caves found throughout the world.
The National Parks Service works cooperatively with several organizations
that protect and study caves. Many other organizations have environmental
education curricula that may assist you in studying National Parks and
environmental issues both natural and cultural. Explore the links
below to learn more about some of these caves and organizations.

National
Parks with Caves
The National
Park Service protects over 70 parks with cave resources. Just a few are
listed below.
Buffalo
National River in Arkansas flows through a limestone region threaded
with caves.
Carlsbad
Caverns National Park in New Mexico is home to millions of bats and
to the largest room in a cave in the United States. The Big Room is 14
acres. Lechiguilla Cave, the deepest cave in the United States and one
of the longest, is also in the park but is not open to the public.
Craters
of the Moon National Monument in central Idaho preserves a landscape
of volcanism. Beneath the surface lava flows are many lava river tubes,
four of which are open to the public. Boy Scout Cave has ice on its floor
year-round.
Cumberland
Gap National Historical Park preserves numerous limestone caverns
beneath the famous wilderness road. One of these, Cudjo, has very recently
been opened to the public.
El
Malpais National Monument in New Mexico protects one of the largest
systems of lava tubes in North America.
Great
Basin National Park in eastern Nevada protects Lehman Cave, known
for its rare shield formations, and is open to the public throughout the
year.
Great
Smoky Mountains National Park preserves numerous limestone caverns
beneath its mountains, none of which are developed for public use.
Hawaii
Volcanoes National Park protects the most active volcanoes in the
United States. Lava river caves are still being formed by molten lava,
while others, such as the lighted Thurston Lave Tube, are solid enough
to now explore.
Jewel
Cave National Monument
in South Dakota preserves the third-longest cave system known in the world,
with 123 miles surveyed so far. It is an important hibernacula for many
bat species.
Lava
Beds National Monument in northern California contains the highest
concentration of lava tubes in North America, with 430 known caves, some
up to 60 feet in diameter; two dozen of these are developed for public
use.
Oregon
Caves National Monument in southern Oregon preserves caves within
a dolomite mountainside and protects ice age fossils such as jaguars and
bears as well as endemic species such as cave centipedes.
Ozark
National Scenic Riverways contains 300 known limestone and dolomite
caverns, none of which are developed for public use.
Pinnacles
National Monument in central California is a remnant of an ancient
volcano and contains several talus caves, including Bear Gulch Cave, which
is an important hibernacula for the rare Townsend's Big-eared bat and
is closed to the public. Talus caves are formed when large rockfalls and
landslides fall in such a way as to leave air pockets.
Russell
Cave National Historic Site is the location of an historic rock shelter
used for thousands of years by Native Americans. It also protects seven
miles of limestone cave passages, two and a half of which are open to
visitors who obtain a permit.
Sequoia
National Park in the Sierra Nevada of California protects Crystal
Cave, which is known for its beautiful formations and is open to the public.
Sunset
Crater Volcano National Monument in Arizona contains lava tubes associated
with its picturesque cinder cones and lava flows.
Timpanogos
Caves National Monument, high on the side of American Canyon near
Salt Lake City, preserves three caves known for their abundant helictite
and anthodite formations. The trail to the cave is a challenging 11/2
mile hike gaining 1,000 feet in elevation.
Wind
Cave National Park in the Black Hills of South Dakota preserves limestone
and dolomite caverns known for their unique "boxwork" formations.

Government Agencies that Administer Caves
National
Park Service Cave and Karst Program
United
State Geological Survey
is the nation's premiere researcher in all things geological. In addition
to their home page, check out their learning
page (for teachers).
The Bureau
of Land Management manages land mostly in western states. They also
have a wide array of education
resources on their web site.
The United
States Fish
and Wildlife Service is charged with protecting the animals that live
within and near our nation's caves.
The National
Forest Service protects caves across the country. They have a Conservation
Education page as well.
Cave
Research and Conservation Organizations
The American
Cave Conservation Association (ACCA) is a nonprofit organization formed
in 1977 for the purpose of protecting caves and karstlands. ACCA is committed
to developing public education programs and professional services which
promote land use planning and proper stewardship of underground natural
resources. It's headquarters is just a few miles down the road from Mammoth
Cave, in the town of Horse Cave, Kentucky. ACCA works with the National
Park Service under a formal Memorandum of Understanding (MOU).
The National
Speleological Society (NSS) was founded for the purpose of advancing
the study, conservation, exploration, and knowledge of caves. More than
12,000 members in 200 grottos (clubs) conduct regular meetings to bring
cavers together within their general area and coordinate activities which
may include mapping, cleaning, and gating sensitive caves. NSS's Environmental
Education Committee prints Project Underground, a curricula on
cave and karst resources. NSS works with the National Park Service under
a formal MOU.
The Cave
Research Foundation (CRF) grew out of the efforts of cave explorers
working in the Mammoth Cave area of Kentucky in the late 1940's. It is
a private, nonprofit organization dedicated to:
- facilitating
research, management, and interpretation of caves and karst resources.
- forming partnerships
to study, protect, and preserve cave resources and karst areas.
- promoting the
long-term conservation of caves and karst ecosystems.
Most
of CRF's work is conducted on state and federal lands under a Memorandum
of Understanding with the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the
Interior.
The
Center for Cave and Karst Studies at Western Kentucky University (WKU)
is located just 20 miles southeast of Mammoth Cave, in the heart of "cave
country." The center's objectives are to:
- Promote research
on all aspects of cave and karst studies with an emphasis upon solving
environmental problems associated with karst.
- Provide educational
programs concerning cave and karst studies.
- Provide public
service by assisting individuals, private firms, an government agencies
with karst environmental problems.
WKU works
with the National Park Service under several MOU's. The Center also offers
seminars and consultations and operates Lost River Cave
in Bowling Green, KY.
The
Karst Waters Institute is a nonprofit institution whose mission is
to improve the fundamental understanding of karst water systems through
sound scientific research and the education of professionals and the public.
The result will be increased knowledge of the need for as well as more
effective management of this vital water resource.
Bat
Conservation International promotes education about bats worldwide,
and works with the National Park Service under a Memorandum of Understanding.
The
World Cave Database lists caves worldwide by length, depth, and country.

Environmental
Education Curricula Resources
The
National Park Service Parks as Classrooms program promotes the use
of national parks as classrooms. The page includes links to many lessons,
parks with education programs and traveling trunks, and schools that
use parks for education.
EE-Link
is the main clearinghouse for Environmental Education resources and
organizations on the web. It is run by the North
American Association for Environmental Education.
Kentucky
Water Watch organizes
people around the state to monitor water resources. Many schools take
part in this; workshops are offered.
Project
Learning Tree uses the forest to help students gain an awareness
and knowledge of the natural and man-made environments.
Project
WILD and Aquatic WILD are based on the premise that young people
and educators have a vital interest in learning about our natural world.
The program emphasizes wildlife because of its intrinsic and ecological
values, as well as its importance as a basis for teaching how ecosystems
function. In the face of competing needs and pressures affecting the
quality and sustainability of life on earth, Project WILD addresses
the need for human beings to develop as responsible citizens of our
planet.
Project
WET facilitates and promotes awareness, appreciation, knowledge,
and stewardship of water resources through the development and dissemination
of classroom-ready teaching aids and through the establishment of state
and internationally sponsored Project WET programs.
Project
Archaeology builds awareness of cultural resources and teaches young
people about their importance and fragility. The traces of the past,
archaeological sites and artifacts, help connect us to the land and
give us understanding of our place in history. Project Archaeology is
an educational program designed to teach America the value of our archeological
heritage.
Project
Food Land and People promotes approaches to learning to help people
better understand the interrelationships among agriculture, the environment
and people of the world.
WOW!:
The Wonder of Wetlands is a nonprofit organization dedicated to
wetland restoration, research, and education since 1972.
Project
Underground is affiliated with the National Speleological Society
and is a curricula book available to educators.

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