"Our Heart's Home"
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LBJ's Texas White House
"Our Heart's Home" |
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NOTES Chapter 8
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1. Culbert, "Johnson and the Media," 214.
2. Ibid., 214-15.
3. Miller, Lyndon: An Oral Biography, 408; Lyndon B. Johnson, Vantage Point, 28-29.
4. Tom Weinheimer and Betty Weinheimer, interview, 282:4; Merriman Smith, "Will LBJ Visit Ranch Often? Hill Country Like a Vitamin Pill," The Houston Press, January 6, 1964; Nan Robertson, "The First Lady Takes Huge Guest Lists in Her Stride," The New York Times, January 4, 1964; Tom Wicker, "With Johnson on the Ranch," The New York Times, January 5, 1964; Douglas Kiker, "Lyndon Baines Johnson—A Measure of the Man," The New York Herald-Tribune, January 6, 1964. Merriman Smith was the United Press International (UPI) White House reporter. His report appeared in hundreds of newspapers across the nation and around the world.
5. Wicker, "With Johnson on the Ranch"; Kiker, "Measure of the Man."
6. Lyndon Johnson to Dave Cheavens, October 1, 1953, Senate Political Files, LBJ Personal Miscellaneous, Box, LBJ Library, Austin; Nathaniel Schneider to Lyndon Johnson, August 14, 1964, PP13-2/Texas, Box 96, LBJ Library, Austin; Conkin, Big Daddy, 185.
7. Conkin, Big Daddy, 185; Dugger, Politician, 20-21.
8. Goldman, Tragedy of Lyndon Johnson, 409-10; Culbert, "Johnson and the Media," 223-24; Kearns, Lyndon Johnson and the American Dream, 302-303. Halberstam, Powers That Be, 514, indicates that Johnson watched the CBS report live in the White House; Culbert demonstrates otherwise, 225-26.
9. Harold Woods, interview by Konrad Kelley, August 8, 1979, SPMA Oral History Collection, LBJNHP, 360:1; Boatner, interview, 256:4; Carpenter, interview, 316:2.
10. News Conference #808A, Transcript, April 15, 1967; News Conference #830A, Transcript, May 8, 1967, White House Press Office Files, Press Secretary, News Conferences, #PSNC 808A-#PSNC 903A, Box 13, LBJ Library, Austin; Carpenter, interview, 316:2.
11. Lady Bird Johnson, White House Diary, 331-33.
12. Jewell Malechek, interview, July 5, 1978, 323:4; Lady Bird Johnson, White House Diary, 331-32; Robert A. Divine, "Lyndon B. Johnson and the Politics of Space," in Robert A. Divine, ed., The Johnson Years, vol. 2, Vietnam, the Environment, and Science (Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1987), 247-48.
13. Goldman, The Tragedy of Lyndon Johnson, 409-17, offers an account of Johnson's problems of credibility. Goldman is at once credible and tainted by his own political sympathies. He articulates the genuine problems of communication between the presidency and the press but lays too much of the blame on Johnson for this cross-cultural lack of communication. In effect, on this issue Goldman engages in "twenty-twenty hindsight."
14. Reedy, interview, AC 76-23, 60.
15. Culbert, "Lyndon Johnson and the Media," 214-25; Goldman, The Tragedy of Lyndon Johnson, 411-13; Sam Houston Johnson, My Brother Lyndon, 193.
16. Halberstam, Powers That Be, 3-18, 428-37. Halberstam notes that Johnson's resistance to television and his refusal to hold press conferences hurt him, for " ironically [television] would have been the perfect format for him; the questioning of a few intelligent journalists would have evoked the sheer force and above all the incredible knowledge of government that Lyndon Johnson possessed" (434).
17. Christian, interview, 4-5; M. W. Ivy, interview by Konrad Kelley, October 25, 1978, SPMA Oral History Collection, LBJNHP, 334:1.
18. George Reedy, interview, AC 84-25, LBJ Library, Austin, 11; Christian, interview, 22. Conkin, Big Daddy, 184-86, offers the most reasoned explanation of this phenomenon.
19. Culbert, "Lyndon Johnson and the Media," 214-26, describes some of the ways in which the press had an impact on Johnson; Conkin, Big Daddy, 184-86, and Kearns, Lyndon Johnson and the American Dream, 246-49, describe Johnson's philosophy and some of his actions. Kearns's unflattering portrayal is consistent with the image of Johnson that emerges from her work, but it assesses only the president's culpability, not that of all the involved parties, when attempting to dissect this relationship.
20. Reedy, interview, AC 84-25; Ivy, interview, 334:2; Miller, Lyndon: An Oral Biography, 541-42; Culbert, "Lyndon Johnson and the Media," 220.
21. Marshall Frady, "Cooling Off With LBJ," Harper's (June, 1969), 66; Sam Houston Johnson, My Brother Lyndon, 193.
22. Frady, "Cooling Off With LBJ," 66-67.
23. Culbert, "Lyndon Johnson and the Media," 220-23; Halberstam, Powers That Be, 435-37.
24. Lady Bird Johnson, White House Diary, 333.
25. Carpenter, Ruffles and Flourishes, 173.
26. Christian, interview, 7.
27. Ibid.; John Chancellor to David Waters, February 17, 1964, PP 13-2/Texas, LBJ Library, Austin.
28. Sam Houston Johnson, My Brother Lyndon, 193-96; Carpenter, Ruffles and Flourishes, 168.
29. Carpenter, Ruffles and Flourishes, 177-78; Father Wunibald Schneider, interview; Lewis L. Gould, Lady Bird Johnson and the Environment (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1988), 29-75; Sam Houston Johnson, My Brother Lyndon, 193.
30. Carpenter, Ruffles and Flourishes, 178.
31. Ibid., 176-77; Mills, interview, 346:1.
32. Klein, interview, March 30, 1977, 288:3; Culbert, "Lyndon Johnson and the Media," 214-16. See also Sam Houston Johnson, My Brother Lyndon.
33. Miller, Lyndon: An Oral Biography, 405; Kiker, "Measure of the Man."
34. Kiker, "Measure of the Man"; Mills, interview, 346:1.
35. Miller, Lyndon: An Oral Biography, 404; Conkin, Big Daddy, 179.
36. Reedy, interview, AC 84-54, 10.
37. For histories of hunting as a social ritual, see William Cronon, Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England (New York: Hill and Wang, 1982); John Mack Faragher, Daniel Boone: The Life and Legend of an American Pioneer (New York: Henry Holt, 1992); and Stuart Marks, Southern Hunting in Black and White (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992).
38. John Reiger, American Sportsmen and the Origins of Conservation (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1975); Thomas L. Altherr and John Reiger, "Hunting and Historians," Environmental History Review 19, no. 3 (fall, 1995), 39-58; Merriman Smith, "Will LBJ Visit Ranch Often?"
39. Merriman Smith, "Will LBJ Visit Ranch Often?"
40. J. O. Tanner, interview by Konrad Kelley and Buddy Hughes, February 19, 1976, SPMA Oral History Collection, LBJNHP, 228:1.
41. Rather, interview, 319:4.
42. Mills, interview, 346:2; Dale Malechek, interview, December 27, 1979, 365:2; Klein, interview, March 30, 1977, 288:3; Dale Malechek and Jewel Malechek, interview, December 13, 1978, 341:3.
43. Lyndon Johnson to Sam Houston Johnson, November 17, 1957, Family Correspondence, 1950-1959, Box 2, LBJ Library, Austin; Juanita Roberts to Cliff [Carter], November 23, 1962, Vice Presidential Papers, Box 183, Science-Space and Aeronautics-Astronauts, LBJ Library, Austin; Juanita Roberts to Ewel Stone, November 2, 1964; Ralph Dungan to Jack Valenti; Lyndon Johnson to Walter McDonald, November 29, 1964, PP 13-2/Texas, Box 97, LBJ Library, Austin; Jim Jones to Lyndon Johnson, December 29, 1967, PP 13-2/Texas, Box 98 #4, LBJ Library, Austin; James Davis, interview by Michael L. Gillette, November 3, 1983, LBJ Library, Austin, 7; Heller, interview, 42-44.
44. Father Wunibald Schneider, interview; Albert Wierich and Olivia Wierich, interview, 291:2.
45. James Davis, interview, 9-10.
46. Ibid.; Boatner, interview, 356:3.
47. Howard, interview, 292:1; James Davis, interview; Miller, Lyndon: An Oral Biography, 405.
48. Miller, Lyndon: An Oral Biography, 404.
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