Lewis & Clark Site Map

ACTIVITY M-1: AMERICAN INDIAN LANGUAGES

American Indian Languages: General Information and Preservation

• http://www.native-languages.org
• (See AMERICAN INDIAN LANGUAGE WORKSHEET for many additional references.)
• Crystal, David. Language Death. Cambridge University Press, 2000.
• Nettle, David and Romaine, Suzanne. Vanishing Voices: The Extinction of the World's Languages. Oxford University Press, 2000.
• Patterson, Lotsee, et al. Indian Terms of the Americas. Libraries Unlimited, 1994

American Indian Sign Language and Picture Writing

• Farnell, Brenda. Do You See What I Mean? Plains Indian Sign Talk and the Embodiment of Action. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1995.
• Mallery, Garrick. Picture-Writing of the American Indians. Dover Publications. 1972.

M-2: JEFFERSON, LEWIS, CLARK AND THE KING'S ENGLISH

• Thomas Jefferson: For the full text of Notes on the State of Virginia, click on
  http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/toc/modeng/public/JefVirg.html. Your school or public library will undoubtedly have a copy of this book as well.
• Meriwether Lewis: For a sample of Lewis' descriptive writing, click on JOURNAL ENTRY "A"/ CAPTAIN LEWIS FINDS THE GREAT FALLS.
• William Clark: http://www-writing.berkeley.edu/chorus/composition/wclark.html
  Clicking on this website takes you to a tongue-in-cheek article about Clark's innovative spelling. It was written by Robert B. Betts, a noted Lewis and Clark scholar and author.
• Noah Webster: To learn more about this scholar's monumental achievement-the first American English dictionary-click on http://www.m-w.com/about/noah.htm.
• History of Public Education: http://www.pbs.org/kcet/publicschool/
• History of the English Language
  http://ebbs.english.vt.edu/hel/hel.html
  http://www.m-w.com/about/look.htm
  

ACTIVITY M-3: PRESIDENT JEFFERSON'S SECRET CODE

General Information About Cryptology

• http://www.nsa.gov/museum/tour.html

History of Cryptology

• http://www.math.rutgers.edu/~cherlin/History/Papers2000/kirschd.html

The Enigma Machine of Germany in WWII and its Decipherment

• http://www.math.arizona.edu/~dsl/enigma.htm
• http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/decoding/
• http://www.nsa.gov/museum/enigma.html

The Cipher Wheel

• http://www.nsa.gov/museum/wheel.html

Polyalphabetic System of Blaise de Vigenere

• http://www.trincoll.edu/depts/cpsc/cryptography/vigenere.html

Choctaw Code Talkers of WWI

• http://www.niti.net/~michael/choctaw/code.htm

Navajo Code Talkers of WWII

• http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq61-2.htm
• http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq61-4.htm
• http://www.widdl.com/cknowledge/cstory.html

Comanche Code Talkers of WWII in Germany

• http://www.comanchelanguage.org/code_talkers.htm