Aftermath
of the Battle
By dark, at least 800 of Chief Menawa's 1000 Red Sticks were dead (557
on the field and 200-300 in the river). Menawa himself, although severely
wounded, managed to escape to the river. Jackson's losses in the battle
were 49 killed and 154 wounded, many mortally.
Though the Red Sticks had been crushed at Tohopeka, the remnants of the hostile Creeks held out for several months. In August 1814, exhausted and starving, they surrendered to Jackson at Wetumpka, near the present day city of Montgomery, Alabama. The Treaty of Fort Jackson, ending the conflict, required the Creeks to cede some 23 million acres of land - more than half of their ancestral territorial holdings-to the United States. (The state of Alabama was carved out of this domain and admitted to the Union in 1819).
In 1830, after Andrew Jackson was elected President of the United States; he signed the Indian Removal Bill forcing all the tribes east of the Mississippi River to move to Oklahoma, a journey the Cherokee called the "Trail of Tears."