Fort Union Trading Post Historic Structures Report (Part II) Historical Data Section

The following sources do not reflect all that were studied, but they do include those that were found to be useful:

Baker Library, Harvard Business School, Mass. The library has a collection on John Jacob Astor and the American Fur Company that was gathered by Kenneth W. Porter for his study of Astor. In general, the collection consists of letter books, miscelaneous letters, maps and plans. It tends to be particularly strong on the subjects of Astoria and Green Bay.

Detroit Public Library, Mich. Available here, in photostat, are two large volumes of Ramsay Crooks' correspondence with John Jacob Astor concerning the fur trade.

Joslyn Art Museum, Omaha, Neb. At present, the museum has an extensive exhibit of the work of three Western artists, Catlin, Bodmer, and Miller, including a Bodmer sketch of Fort Union. Also made available for a brief scanning was that portion of Maximilian's work that dealt with Fort Union.

Kansas State Historical Society, Topeka. Selected Items from the Records of the U.S. Superintendency of Indian Affairs, St. Louis, Clark Papers.

Library of the Boston Athenaeum, Mass. Manuscript of the Diary of Isaac Sprague, of his trip up the Missouri river with Audubon, 1843.

Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul. Of importance were the Hubbell Papers, covering the period after the American Fur Co. sold Ft. Union; the Edwin Hatch Papers, which describe briefly an Indian agent's stay at Ft. Union; the Gregory, Bruguier and Geowey, Fort Union (D.T.) Papers, 1863-1877, who were competing traders in the mid-1860's; the Overholt Papers, on microfilm, a soldier at Fort Union; and the most valuable Journals of Charles Larpenteur, who kept detailed accounts of life at Ft. Union in the 1830's and again in the 1860's.

Missouri Historical Society, St. Louis. The extensive holdings of this society were indispensable to this study. Of importance were the Kenneth McKenzie Papers, 1796-1858; the Steamboat Collections, 1832-1867; the Indians Collection, wherein is the important letter of Henry L. Ellsworth, Ft. Leavenworth, to E. Herring, Indian Commissioner, Nov. 8, 1833; the Carl Wimar Papers, and the Wimar sketchbooks and a collection of his sketches; various Ledger Books (containing inventories and invoices) and Account Books of the American Fur Company; the Culbertson Collection, containing a history of Indians by Edwin T. Denig; the Joseph A. Sire Log Books, a steamboat captain, 1841-47; the Andrew Drips Collection, 1820-60; and, the largest of all, the Chouteau Collections, 1828-1869, plus folders of undated material, including the only Fort Union Letter Book known to exist.

Montana Historical Society, Helena. In addition to photographs and sketches of Fort Union, the society has a manuscript by Dr. Washington Matthews, "History of Fort Buford, Dakota Territory, and Locality," 1869.

New York Historical Society. This society has the well-indexed, extensive collection of documents pertaining to the American Fur Company.

New York Public Library. Of use was a collection of photostats of John Jacob Astor's Papers.

Public Archives, Ottawa, Ontario. These magnificent archives contain a large collection of American Fur Co. Papers, which however relate chiefly to the Michilimackinac area.

St. Louis University. Sister Dolorita Marie Dougherty, C.S.J., "A History of Fort Union (North Dakota), 1829-1867," Ph.D. Dissertation, 1957, 219 pp.

Culbertson, Thaddeus A., Journal of an Expedition to the Mauvaises Terres and the Upper Missouri in 1850, ed. John Francis McDermott, Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 147, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1952.

Donaldson, Thomas, The George Catlin Indian Gallery in the U. S. National Museum . . ., reprinted from the Smithsonian Report for 1885, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1887.

Ewers, John C., "George Catlin, Painter of Indians and the West," Annual Report . . . Smithsonian Institution, 1955, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1956.

House Executive Documents, 36th Cong., 1st Sess., No. 56. "Reports of Explorations and Surveys, to Ascertain the most Practicable and Economic Route for a Railroad from the Missouri River to the Pacific Ocean, 1853-5," Volume 12, Books 1 and 2, Washington, Thomas H. Ford, 1860.

Kurz, Rudolph Friederich, Journal of Rudolph Friederich Kurz . . ., trans. Myrtis Jarrell, ed. J.N.B. Hewitt, Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 15, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1937.

Murray, Alexander Hunter, Journal of the Yukon, 1847-48, ed. L. J. Burpee, Publications of the Canadian Archives--No. 4, Ottawa, Government Printing Office, 1910.

National Park Service, A Proposed Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site, North Dakota-Montana, n.p., 1962.

Senate Miscellaneous Document, 32d Cong., Special Sess., 1851, "Fifth Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution . . . 1850," Appendix IV, Thaddeus A. Culbertson's Journal of 1850.

Senate Executive Document, 40th Cong., 1st Sess., No. 77, "Report of the Secretary of War . . . on the Exploration of the Yellowstone . . ., report of Capt. William F. Raynolds, 1859 and 1860."

Senate Executive Document, 35th Cong., 2d Sess., No. 46, "Reports of Explorations and Surveys to Ascertain the Most Practicable and Economical Route for a Railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean, 1853-5," Washington, William A. Harris, 1859.

Warren, Lt. G. K., Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota . . . 1855-'56-'57, Engineer Department, United States Army, Goverment Printing Office, 1875.

"Ancient Landmarks," Forest and Stream, 70 (1908), 131.

Barbeau, Marius, "Voyageur Songs of the Missouri," Bulletin of the Missouri Historical Society, 10 (1954), 336-50.

Brooks, George R., ed., "The Private Journal of Robert Campbell," The Bulletin, Missouri Historical Society, 20 (1963), 3-24 and 91-106.

Brown, John Mason, "A Trip to the Northwest in 1861," The Filson History Quarterly, 24 (1950), 103-36 and 246-75.

Butscher, Louis C., "A Brief Biography of Prince Paul Wilhelm of W¨rttemberg (1797-1860)," New Mexico Historical Review, 17 (1942), 181-93.

Butscher, Louis C., ed., "An Account of Adventures in the Great American Desert by His Royal Highness, Duke Paul Wilhelm von W¨rttemberg, " New Mexico Historical Review, 17 (1942), 193-216 and 294-344.

Butscher, Louis C., ed., "Account of an Adventure in the Great American Desert as Told by Mr. (Baldwin) Moellhausen. Companion to Prince Paul of W¨rttemberg," New Mexico Historical Review 17 (1942), 217-25.

Connolly, James B., "Father De Smet in North Dakota," North Dakota History, 27 (1960), 5-24.

Ewers, John C., "Literate Fur Trader, Edwin Thompson Denig," Montana Magazine of History, 4 (1954), 1-12.

Gallaher, Ruth A., "The Indian Agent in the United States Before 1850," The Iowa Journal of History and Politics, 14 (1916), 3-55 and 173-238.

Grinnell, George Bird, "Recollections of the Old West, Appreciation of the . . . Canvases . . . Painted by William de la Montague Cary," The American Museum Journal, 17 (1917), 332-40.

Guthrie, Chester L. and Leo L. Gerald, "Upper Missouri Agency: An Account of Indian Administration on the Frontier," The Pacific Historical Review, 10 (1941), 47-56.

Harkness, James, "Diary of James Harkness, of the Firm of La Barge, Harkness and Company," Contributions to the Historical Society of Montana, 2 (1896), 343-61.

"Iowa Troops in the Sully Campaigns," The Iowa Journal of History and Politics, 20 (1922), 364-443.

Kane, Lucile M. "New Light on the Northwestern Fur Company," Minnesota History, 34 (1955), 325-29.

Kimball, James P., "Fort Buford," North Dakota Historical Quarterly, 4 (1929-30), 73-77.

Mattison, Ray H., "Fort Union, Its Role in the Upper Missouri Fur Trade," North Dakota History, 29 (1962), 181-208.

Mattison, Ray H., "The Upper Missouri Fur Trade, Its Methods of Operation," Nebraska History, 42 (1961), 1-28.

Mattison, Ray H., "The Indian Frontier on the Upper Missouri to 1865," Nebraska History, 39 (1958), 241-66.

McMurtrie, Douglas C., "Pioneer Printing in North Dakota," North Dakota Historical Quarterly 6 (1931-32), 221-30.

Missouri, "The Cover: 'The Fur Press in the Trading Post,'" Missouri Historical Society, 4 (1949), 125-26.

Musick, James B., "Three Sketch Books of Carl Weimar," Bulletin of the City Art Museum of St. Louis, 27 (1942), 10-14.

Porter, Kenneth W., "Negroes and the Fur Trade," Minnesota History, 15 (1934), 421-33.

Reid, Russell and Clell G. Gannon, eds., "Journal of the Atkinson O'Fallon Expedition," North Dakota Historical Quarterly, 4 (1929), 5-56.

Stevens, O. A., "Audubon's Journey Up the Missouri River, 1843," North Dakota Historical Quarterly, 10 (1943), 59-82.

Stevens, O. A., "Maximilian in North Dakota, 1833-34," North Dakota History, 28 (1961), 163-69.

Stuart, James, "Adventure on the Upper Missouri," Contributions to the Historical Society of Montana, 1 (1876), 80-89.

Welty, Raymond L., "The Frontier Army on the Missouri River, 1860-1870," North Dakota Historical Quarterly, 2 (1927-28), 85-99.

Wesley, Edgar B. "Some Official Aspects of the Fur Trade in the Northwest, 1815-1825," North Dakota Historical Quarterly, 6 (1931-32), 201-09.

Westbrook, Hariette Johnson, "The Chouteaus and Their Commercial Enterprises," Chronicles of Oklahoma, 1 (1933), 786-97 and 942-66. This latter, Part 2, has a somewhat different title: "The Chouteaus, Their Contributions to the History of the West."

Woolworth, Alan R. and W. Raymond Wood, "Excavations at Kipp's Post, North Dakota History, 29 (1962), 237-52.

Abel, Annie Heloise, Chardon's Journal at Fort Clark, 1834-1839 . . ., Pierre, S.D., State of South Dakota, 1932.

Athearn, Robert G., Forts of the Upper Missouri, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall, 1967.

Audubon, Maria R., Audubon and His Journals, 2 vols., notes by Elliott Coues, New York, Dover Publications, 1960.

Berry, Don, A Majority of Scoundrels, An Informal History of the Rocky Mountain Fur Company, New York, Harper & Brothers, 1961.

Boller, Henry A., Among the Indians, Eight Years in the Far West, 1858-1866 . . ., Philadelphia, T. Ellwood Zell, 1868.

Brown, D. Alexander, The Galvanized Yankees, Urbana, The University of Illinois Press, 1963.

Burdick, Usher L. , Tales from Buffalo Land, The Story of Fort Buford, Baltimore, Wirth Brothers, 1940.

Bushnell, David I., Jr., Ethnographical Material From North America in Swiss Collections, reprinted from American Anthropologist, 10 (1908).

Catlin, George, A Descriptive Catalogue of Catlin's Indian Gallery . . . of the North American Indians . . . Exhibiting at the Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly, London . . ., Bartholomew Close, C. Adlard, 1840.

Catlin, George, Letters and Notes on the . . . North American Indians, 2 vols., London, Tilt and Bogue, 1842.

Catlin, George, North and South American Indians. Catalogue . . . of Catlin's Indian Cartoons . . . and 27 canvas paintings of Lasalle's Discoveries, New York, Baker & Godwin, 1871.

Catlin, George, North American Indians, Being Letters and Notes 1832-1839, 2 vols., Philadelphia, Leary, Stuart & Co., 1913.

Chittenden, Hiram Martin, History of Early Steamboat Navigation on the Missouri River, Life and Adventures of Joseph La Barge, 2 vols., New York, Francis P. Harper, 1903.

Chittenden, Hiram Martin, The American Fur Trade of the Far West, 2 vols., New York, Press of the Pioneers, 1935.

City Art Museum of Saint Louis, Charles Wimar, 1828-1862, Painter of the Indian Frontier, St. Louis, City Art Museum, 1946.

Denig, Edwin Thompson, Five Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri, ed. by John C. Ewers, Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1961.

De Voto, Bernard, Across the Wide Missouri, Boston, Houghton Mifflin Co., 1947.

Ewers, John C., Artists of the Old West, New York, Doubleday & Co., 1965.

Goetzmann, William H., Exploration and Empire . . ., New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 1966.

Hafen, Le Roy R., The Mountain Men and the Fur Trade of the Far East, 2 vols., Glendale, The Arthur H. Clark Co., 1965.

Hanson, Joseph Mills, The Conquest of the Missouri, Being the Story of the Life and Exploits of Captain Grant Marsh, Chicago, A.C. McClurg & Co., 1909.

Hayden, F.V., Contributions to the Ethnography and Philology of the Indian Tribes of the Missouri Valley, Philadelphia, C. Sherman & Son, 1862.

Hodges, William Romaine, Carl Wimar, A Biography, Galveston, Charles Reymershoffer, 1908.

Hyde, William and Howard L. Conard, eds., Encyclopedia of the History of St. Louis, New York, The Southern History Co., 1899.

Johnson, Allen, ed., Dictionary of American Biography, 20 vols., New York, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1943.

Jones, Robert Huhn, The Civil War in the Northwest . . ., Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1960.

Kennedy, Michael S., ed., The Red Man's West . . ., New York, Hastings House, 1965.

Kimball, Maria Brace, A Soldier-Doctor of Our Army, James P. Kimball . . ., Boston, Houghton Mifflin Co., 1917.

Larpenteur, Charles, Forty Years a Fur Trader on the Upper Missouri, The Personal Narrative of Charles Larpenteur, 1833-1872, ed. by Elliott Coues, Minneapolis, Ross & Haines, 1962.

Lavender, David, The Fist in the Wilderness, New York, Doubleday & Co., 1964.

Mattison, Ray H., Fort Union, Its Role in the Upper Missouri Fur Trade, reprinted from North Dakota History, 29 (1962).

McDermott, John Francis, ed., Audubon in the West, Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1965.

McDermott, John Francis, ed., Up the Missouri With Audubon, The Journal of Edward Harris, Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1951.

McFarling, Lloyd, ed., Exploring the Northern Plains, 1804-1876 Caldwell, Caxton Printers, 1955.

Morgan, Dale, and others, Aspects of the Fur Trade, Selected Papers of the 1965 North American Fur Trade Conference, St. Paul, Minnesota Historical Society, 1967.

Morgan, Dale L. and Eleanor Towles Harris, eds., The Rock Mountain Journals of William Marshall Anderson, The West In 1834, San Marino, The Huntington Library, 1967.

Morgan, Dale L., ed., The West of William H. Ashley . . ., 1822-1838, Denver, Fred A. Rosenstock, The Old West Pub. Co., 1964.

Palliser, John, The Solitary Hunter, or, Sporting Adventures in the Prairies, London, George Routledge & Co., 1856.

Parton, James, Life of John Jacob Astor . . ., New York, The American News Company, 1865.

Phillips, Paul Chrisler, The Fur Trade, 2 vols., Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1961.

Point , Nicholas, S .J., Wilderness Kingdom, Indian Life in the Rocky Mountains: 1840-1847 . . ., trans. by Joseph P. Donnelly, S.J., New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1967.

Porter, Kenneth Wiggins, John Jacob Astor, Business Man, 2 vols., New York, Russell & Russell, 1966.

Prucha, Francis Paul, A Guide to the Military Posts of the United States 1789-1895, Madison, State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1964.

Smet, Pierre Jean De, S.J., Life, Letters and Travels . . . 1801-1873, ed. by H.M. Chittenden and A.T. Richardson, 4 vols., New York, 1905.

Story of Fort Union and Its Traders, Williston, N.D., The Elks Lodge, n.d.

Stuart, Granville, Diary & Sketchbook of a Journey to 'America' in 1866 & Return Trip up the Missouri River to Fort Benton, Montana . . ., Los Angeles, Dawson's Book Shop, 1963.

Sunder, John E., The Fur Trade on the Upper Missouri, 1840-1865, Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1965.

Taft, Robert, Artists and Illustrations of the Old West, 1850-1900, New York, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1953.

Taylor, Joseph H., Sketches of Frontier and Indian Life on the Upper Missouri and Great Plains, Pottstown, Pa., Joseph H. Taylor, 1889.

Thwaites, Reuben Gold, ed., Early Western Travels, 1748-1846, vols. 22-25, (vols. 22-24 being Maximilian's Travels in the Interior of North America, 1832-1834, vol. 25 being Bodmer's drawings), Cleveland, The Arthur H. Clark Co., 1906.

Thwaites, Reuben Gold, ed., Early Western Travels, 1748-1846, vol. 27, being De Smet's Letters and Sketches, 1841-1842, Cleveland, The Arthur H. Clark Co., 1906.

Utley, Robert M., Frontiersmen in Blue, The United States Army and the Indian, 1848-1865, New York, The Macmillan Company, 1967.

Young, F.G., ed., Sources of the History of Oregon, Eugene, University Press, 1899.