Teacher's Guide
to Craters of the Moon

Materials 4D
For Craters Life Web Participants

Copy both pages,
cut slips apart,
then distribute to
participating students.

Bacteria


Enriches soil by helping to decay dead things.

Bacteria
E. coli


Lives in people's guts where it helps break down food.

Fungi


Gets its energy and enriches soil as it breaks down dead wood.

House fly


Its larvae (maggots) get energy from food waste and dead animals and enrich soil.

Dermestid beetle


They get their energy by turning dead animals into compost.

Lava tube beetle


Scavenges insect remains in lava tubes. Bacteria and fungi break down its feces.

Wheat stem sawfly


Its larvae eat Great Basin wildrye. Sawflies are eaten by birds and other insects.

Great Basin wildrye


Eaten by many mammals.

Dwarf mistletoe


A parasite on limber pine trees that is sometimes eaten by deer and elk; produces berries that American robins and cedar waxwings eat.

Limber pine


Their seeds are eaten by Clark's nutcrackers and golden-mantled ground squirrels. They need soil to grow and nutcrackers to disperse their seeds.

Sagebrush


Has medicinal uses and is eaten by pronghorn and sage grouse.

Antelope bitterbrush


Important to deer and yellow pine chipmunks for food.

American robin


Eats berries and worms; requires trees to nest in.

Sage grouse


Eat and live in sagebrush; eaten by eagles.

Cedar waxing


Eats many different types of berries; disperses the seeds of mistletoe; eaten by hawks.

Sharp-shinned hawk


Eats birds and requires trees to nest in.

Lewis mockorange


Needs sunlight and soil to live; Indians used its straight stems to make arrows.

Serviceberry


Deer and golden-mantled ground squirrels eat and disperse its leaves and berries.

Golden currant


Yellow pine chipmunks and golden-mantled ground squirrels eat its berries.

Yellow pine chipmunk


Eats many seeds and fruits; eaten by hawks and other predators; likes to live near trees.

Golden-mantled ground squirrel


Eats many seeds and fruits; eaten by hawks and other predators.

Earthworm


Decomposes organic matter; eaten by robins and shrews.

Grasshoppers


Eats many grasses and feeds shrews.

Vagrant shrew


Only 2 inches long, it eats any animal smaller than itself; eaten by skunks and gopher snakes.

Striped skunk


Lives on bird eggs, small mammals, nuts, berries; nothing but great horned owls can eat it.

Sun


The source of energy for life on Earth. Plants make food with sunlight, water, carbon dioxide, and soil nutrients.

Great horned owl


The most powerful owl in North America; will eat many mammals, birds, and reptiles.

Golden eagle


Top of the food chain; eats rodents and large birds.

Pika


Makes hay bales out of grass and feeds on them during winter.

Grasses


Seeds and stems eaten by many animals. Needs soil to grow.

Human

Indian paintbrush


Grows best with other plants like sagebrush; hummingbirds pollinate its flowers.

Rufous hummingbird


Gets nectar from flowers; uses spider webs to make its nest.

Spider


Eats many different kinds of insects.

Gopher snake


Eats mostly rodents. Has to watch out for birds of prey.


http://www.nps.gov/crmo/tg-56/chap4d-1.htm
Last Updated: 10-Jun-1998